Management Approach for Anorexia in Palliative Care: An Integrative Literature Review / Condutas para o Manejo da Anorexia em Cuidados Paliativos: Revisão Integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v12.9432Keywords:
Cuidados paliativos, Nutrição, Dietoterapia, Anorexia, Tratamento farmacológico.Abstract
Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas acerca das condutas para o manejo da anorexia em cuidados paliativos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, cujo levantamento bibliográfico dos dados deu-se através da pesquisa em quatro bases de dados/bibliotecas virtuais. Incluíram-se artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, publicados nos últimos dez anos e com o texto completo disponível. Resultados: Foram elegíveis 25 artigos, e foram atribuídos dois eixos temáticos para melhor ilustrar os dados encontrados: o manejo farmacológico e o não-farmacológico. Corticosteroides, progestinas, anamorelina e dronabinol foram os fármacos mais pesquisados para o controle da anorexia, com maiores evidências de eficácia nos 3 primeiros. No contexto não-farmacológico, o aconselhamento nutricional foi a medida mais indicada, incluindo a fortificação de alimentos e uso de suplementos e a nutrição artificial mais controversa. Conclusão: Os achados desta revisão podem colaborar para a elaboração de protocolos para o manejo da anorexia em cuidados paliativos.
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