ESTRÉS LABORAL DE LAS ENFERMERAS DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS DURANTE LA COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v16.13363Palabras clave:
Estrés laboral; Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos; Enfermería.Resumen
Objetivo: evaluar los niveles de estrés laboral de enfermeros de terapia intensiva en Boa Vista, Roraima. Método: estudio descriptivo-correlacional, realizado entre noviembre/2022 y enero/2023 con 36 enfermeros de cuidados intensivos de un hospital público. Resultados: el 80,6% de los enfermeros presentó alta exigencia (16,2 ± 1,0) y el 63,9% presentó alto control (19,1 ± 1,0), con igual distribución en cuanto al apoyo social. En cuanto a los puntajes de estrés, la mayoría de los participantes presentó alta exigencia psicológica (16,2) y alto control (19,1), lo que se traduce en trabajo activo. Los enfermeros que no recibieron apoyo y reconocimiento de los superiores tuvieron menor puntaje promedio en las dimensiones Demanda Psicológica (2,12 unidades menos) y Control (3,26 unidades menos). Conclusión: las vivencias de los participantes en cuidados críticos durante la pandemia influyeron en su percepción del trabajo, y que, si bien el trabajo activo se considera menos dañino, en el largo plazo puede volverse negativo.
Descargas
Citas
Ali H, Cole A, Ahmed A, Hamasha S, Panos G. Major stressors and coping strategies of frontline nursing staff during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2020 (COVID-19) in Alabama. J Multidiscip Healthc. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2022 oct 12];13(2):2057-68. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S285933
Herraiz-Recuenco L, Alonso-Martínez L, Hannich-Schneider S, Puente-Alcaraz J. Causes of stress among healthcare professionals and successful hospital management approaches to mitigate it during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. [Internet] 2022 [cited 2022 oct 12];19(19):12963. Available from: https://doi/org/10.3390/ijerph191912963
Costa DT, Martins MCF. Stress among nursing professionals: effects of the conflict on the group and on the physician's power. Rev Esc Enferm USP. [Internet] 2011 [cited 2022 oct 12];45(5):1191-98. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-62342011000500023
Schmidt DRC, Dantas RAS, Marziale MHP, Laus AM. Estresse ocupacional entre profissionais de enfermagem do bloco cirúrgico. Texto Contexto Enferm. [Internet] 2009 [acesso 12 out 2022];18(2):330-7. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072009000200017
Araújo AF, Bampi LNS, Cabral CCO, Queiroz RS, Calasans LHB, Vaz TS. Occupational stress of nurses from the Mobile Emergency Care Service. Rev Bras Enferm. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2022 oct 12];73(Suppl1):e20180898. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0898
Ribeiro RP, Marziale MHP, Martins JT, Galdino MJQ, Ribeiro PHV. Estresse ocupacional entre trabalhadores de saúde de um hospital universitário. Rev Gaúcha Enferm. [Internet] 2018 [acesso 12 out 2022];39:e65127. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2018.65127
Alves MGM, Chor D, Faerstein E, Lopes CS, Werneck GL. Versão resumida da "Job Stress Scale": adaptação para o português. Rev Saúde Pública. [Internet] 2004 [acesso 12 out 2022];38(2):164-71. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102004000200003
Lino MM, Kimura M. Satisfação profissional e qualidade de vida dos enfermeiros de UTI. In: Padilha KG, Vattimo MFF, Silva SC, Kimura M. Enfermagem em UTI: cuidando do paciente crítico. Barueri: Manole; 2010. p. 111-23.
Soleimani M, Yarahmadi S. Cultural competence in critical care nurses and its relationships with empathy, job conflict, and work engagement: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Nurs. [Internet] 2023 [cited 2023 jun 25];22(1):113-22. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01285-x
MacWilliams BR, Schmidt B, Bleich MR. Men in Nursing. Am J Nurs. [Internet] 2013 [cited 2023 jun 25];113(1):38-44. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000425746.83731.16
Mao A, Cheong PL, Van IK, Tam HL. “I am called girl, but that doesn’t matter” - perspectives of male nurses regarding gender-related advantages and disadvantages in professional development. BMC Nurs. [Internet] 2021 [cited 2023 jun 25];20(1):24-33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00539-w
Mota, RS, Silva VA, Brito IG, Barros AS, Santos OMB, Mendes AS, et al. Estresse ocupacional relacionado à assistência de enfermagem em terapia intensiva. Rev Baiana Enferm. [Internet] 2021 [acesso 25 jun 2023];35(1):e38860. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.18471/rbe.v35.38860
Novaes Neto EM, Xavier ASG, Araújo TM. Factors associated with occupational stress among nursing professionals in health services of medium complexity. Rev Bras Enferm. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2023 jun 25];73(Suppl1):e20180913. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0913
Urbanetto JS, Silva PC, Hoffmeister E, Negri BS, Costa BEP, Figueiredo CEP. Workplace stress in nursing workers from an emergency hospital: Job Stress Scale analysis. Rev Latino-Am Enferm. [Internet] 2011 [cited 2023 jun 25];19(5):1122-31. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692011000500009
Azevedo BDS, Nery AA, Cardoso JP. Estresse ocupacional e insatisfação com a qualidade de vida no trabalho da enfermagem. Texto Contexto-Enferm. [Internet] 2017 [acesso 25 jun 2023];26(1):e3940015. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072017003940015
Jacinto A, Tolfo SR. Fatores psicossociais de risco no trabalho e Transtorno Mental Comum: uma revisão sistemática de estudos que utilizaram os instrumentos JCQ, JSS e SRQ-20. Rev Psicol IMED. [Internet] 2017 [acesso 25 jun 2023];9(2):107-24. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.18256/2175-5027.2017.v9i2.1432
Babamiri M, Heydari B, Mortezapour A, Tamadon TM. Investigation of Demand-Control-Support model and Effort-Reward Imbalance model as predictor of counterproductive work behaviors. Saf Health Work. [Internet] 2022 [cited 2023 jun 25];13(4):469-74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.005
Li F, Luo S, Mu W, Li Y, Ye L, Zheng X, et al. Effects of sources of social support and resilience on the mental health of different age groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry. [Internet] 2021 [cited 2023 jun 25];21(1):16-30. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-03012-1
Sanghera J, Pattani N, Hashmi Y, Varley K, Cheruvu MS, Bradley A, et al. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the mental health of healthcare workers in a hospital setting - a sistematic review. J Occup Health. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2023 jun 25];62(1):e12175. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12175
Moraes Filho IM, Silva AMTC, Almeida RJ. Avaliação do estresse ocupacional de enfermeiros da estratégia saúde da família. Rev Gestão Saúde. [Internet] 2018 [acesso 25 jun 2023];9(3):335-43. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.26512/gs.v9i3.20288
França FM, Ferrari R. Síndrome de Burnout y los aspectos sociodemográficos en profesionales de enfermería. Acta Paul Enferm. [Internet] 2012 [cited 2023 jun 25];25(5):743-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21002012000500015
Fernandes LS, Nitsche MJT, Godoy I. Burnout syndrome in nursing professionals from an intensive care unit. Rev Pesqui Cuid Fundam. [Internet] 2017 [cited 2023 jun 25];9(2):551-7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i2.551-557
Dall’Ora C, Ball JRM, Griffiths P. Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review. Hum Resour Health. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2023 jun 25];18(1):41-58. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00469-9
Franco JA, Levi, PLA. Feelings, stress, and adaptation strategies of nurses against COVID-19 in Guayaquil. Invest Educ Enferm. [Internet] 2020 [cited 2023 jun 25];38(3):e07. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v38n3e07
Anido IG, Batista KBC, Vieira JRG. Frontline stories: the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on Healthcare workers and students in Sao Paulo. Interface. [Internet] 2021 [cited 2023 jun 25];25(Suppl1):e210007. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/interface.210007
Maghsoodi E, Vanaki Z, Mohammadi E. Nurses' perception of work and life under COVID-19 pandemic conditions: a qualitative study. Front Public Health. [Internet] 2023 [cited 2023 jun 25];11(1):1292664. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1292664
Tomaszewska K, Majchrowicz B, Snarska K, Telega D. Stress and occupational burnout of nurses working with COVID-19 patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health. [Internet] 2022 [cited 2023 jun 25];19(19):12688. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912688
Fukuti P, Uchôa CLM, Mazzoco MF, Corchs F, Kamitsuji CS, Rossi L, et al. How institutions can protect the mental health and psychosocial well-being of their healthcare workers in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Clinics. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2023 jun 25];75(1):e1963. Available from: https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1963
Karaferis D, Aletras V, Raikou M, Niakas D. Factors influencing motivation and work engagement of healthcare professionals. Mater Sociomed. [Internet] 2022 [cited 2023 jun 25];34(3):216-24. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2022.34.216-224
Engström Å, Fredholm A, Nordin A, Andersson M. Institutional constraints as an obstacle for prioritizing nursing interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic-critical care nurses' experiences. SAGE Open Nurs. [Internet] 2022 [cited 2023 jun 25];8:23779608221133656. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608221133656
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
TERMO DE TRANSFERÊNCIA DE DIREITOS AUTORAIS
Transfiro os direitos autorais deste artigo para a Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental - Online - RPCF, assim que ele for aceito para a devida publicação eletrônica. Os direitos de autor incluem o direito de reproduzir na íntegra ou em parte por qualquer meio, distribuir o referido artigo, incluindo figuras, fotografias, bem como as eventuais traduções. O autor pode ainda, imprimir e distribuir cópias do seu artigo, desde que mencione que os direitos pertencem a RPCF. Declaro que este manuscrito é original, não tendo sido submetido à publicação, na íntegra ou em partes para outros periódicos online ou não, assim cmmo em Anais de eventos científicos ou capítulos de livros.