Promoción de la lactancia: intervenciones para la capacitación materna durante el ciclo embarazo-puerperio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v17.13829Palabras clave:
Lactancia Materna, Enfermera Obstetra, Atención de Enfermería, Embarazo, Periodo PospartoResumen
Objetivo: identificar las intervenciones realizadas por la partera en el ciclo embarazo-puerperal, que tienen como objetivo capacitar a las mujeres para la práctica de la lactancia materna. Método: revisión de alcance según el modelo del Joanna Briggs Institute, abarcando estudios en las plataformas EBSCOhost, B. On, Web of Science y Scopus. Resultados: Se incluyeron y analizaron 12 estudios, que permitieron identificar seis categorías de intervenciones: 1) educación prenatal; 2) apoyo posnatal individualizado; 3) promoción de la autoeficacia materna; 4) intervenciones durante el parto y la hospitalización en la maternidad; 5) involucramiento familiar y apoyo social y 6) intervenciones complementarias y alternativas. Conclusiones: Los programas educativos integrales desde el periodo prenatal hasta el posparto, las sesiones de grupo, el seguimiento telefónico, las visitas a domicilio, los grupos de apoyo en línea y la participación de la familia demostraron ser estrategias efectivas para empoderar a las madres para que amamanten. La partera tiene un papel crucial en la promoción de la lactancia materna. La capacitación continua y el cumplimiento de las políticas públicas son esenciales para garantizar la efectividad de sus intervenciones.
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