Prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly: gait speed as a predictive factor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v17.13487Keywords:
Elderly, Sarcopenia, Walking speedAbstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and gait speed in older adults. Method: An integrative review conducted in the databases Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Lilacs. Results: The initial search yielded 5013 results, with 18 studies included, involving 33,833 subjects aged 60 to 90 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 3.7% to 58%. The average gait speed of sarcopenic individuals was below the cutoff point in 77.8% of the studies. In 61.11% of the studies, the adopted gait speed cutoff was 0.8 m/s, and the 4-meter walk test (4mWT) was the most used (38.9%). Conclusion: Gait speed is a good predictor of sarcopenia and can be used as a screening tool for other diagnostic tests, although variations in cutoff points may complicate interpretation.
Downloads
References
Tu DY, Kao FM, Tsai ST, Tung TH. Sarcopenia among the elderly population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Health. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 jun 23];9(6). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060650
Bortone I, Sardone R, Lampignano L, Castellana F, Zupo R, Lozupone M, et al. How gait influences frailty models and health‐related outcomes in clinical‐based and population‐based studies: a systematic review. J. Cachex. Sarcop. Muscle. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 jun 25];12(2). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12667
Shafiee G, Keshtkar A, Soltani A, Ahadi Z, Larijani B, Heshmat R. Prevalence of sarcopenia in the world: a systematic review and meta- analysis of general population studies. J. Diab. Metabol. Disord. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2024 jun 26];16(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40200-017-0302-x
Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan—a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst. Rev. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 jun 21]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. PLoS. Med. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 jun 23]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003583
Beaudart C, Reginster JY, Slomian J, Buckinx F, Locquet M, Bruyère O. Prevalence of sarcopenia: the impact of different diagnostic cut-off limits. J. Muscul. Neur. Interact. [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2024 jun 28];14(4). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25524968/
Cesari M, Rolland Y, Kan GAV, Bandinelli S, Vellas B, Ferrucci L, et al. Sarcopenia-related parameters and incident disability in older persons: Results from the “invecchiare in Chianti” study. J. Gerontol. [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2024 jun 29];70(4). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu181
Darroch P, O’Brien WJ, Mazahery H, Wham C. Sarcopenia prevalence and risk factors among residents in aged care. Nutrients. [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2024 jul 03];14(9). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091837
Silva Alexandre TD, Oliveira Duarte YA, Ferreira Santos JL, Wong R, Lebrão ML. Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia among elderly in Brazil: Findings from the SABE study. J. Nutr. Health. Aging. [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2024 jul 07];18(3). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0413-0
Salles ICDD, Sernik R, Silva JLPD, Taconeli C, Amaral AA, Brito CMMD, et al. Sarcopenia, frailty, and elective surgery outcomes in the elderly: an observational study with 125 patients (the SAFESOE study). Front. Med. [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 jul 09];10. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1185016
Dodds RM, Granic A, Davies K, Kirkwood TBL, Jagger C, Sayer AA. Prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia in the very old: findings from the Newcastle 85+ Study. J. Cachex. Sarcop. Muscle. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2024 jul 09];8(2). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12157
Lee ES, Park HM. Prevalence of sarcopenia in healthy Korean elderly women. J. Bone. Metabol. [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2024 jul 11];22(4). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2015.22.4.191
Gadelha AB, Dutra MT, Oliveira RJD, Safons MP, Lima RM. Associação entre força, sarcopenia e obesidade sarcopénica com o desempenho funcional de idosas. Motricidade. [Internet]. 2014 [acesso em 13 de julho de 2024];10(3). Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.10(3).2775
Hashemi R, Shafiee G, Motlagh AD, Pasalar P, Esmailzadeh A, Siassi F, et al. Sarcopenia and its associated factors in Iranian older individuals: Results of SARIR study. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 jul 18];66. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2016.04.016
Kemmler W, Von Stengel S, Kohl M. Developing sarcopenia criteria and cutoffs for an older Caucasian cohort – a strictly biometrical approach. Clin. Interv. Aging. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 jul 19];13. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/cia.s167899
Khongsri N, Tongsuntud S, Limampai P, Kuptniratsaikul V. The prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in a community-dwelling elders Thai population. Osteop. Sarcop. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 jul 23];2(2). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2016.05.001
Kitamura A, Seino S, Abe T, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Amano H, et al. Sarcopenia: prevalence, associated factors, and the risk of mortality and disability in Japanese older adults. J. Cachex. Sarcop. Muscle. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 jul 23];12(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12651
Lee SY, Choo PL, Pang BWJ, Lau LK, Jabbar KA, Seah WT, et al. SPPB reference values and performance in assessing sarcopenia in community-dwelling Singaporeans – Yishun study. BMC. Geriatr. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 jul 24];21(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02147-4
Morat T, Gilmore KJ, Rice CL. Neuromuscular function in different stages of sarcopenia. Exp. Gerontol. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 jul 25];81. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2016.04.014
Perez-Sousa MA, Venegas-Sanabria LC, Chavarro-Carvajal DA, Cano-Gutierrez CA, Izquierdo M, Correa-Bautista JE, et al. Gait speed as a mediator of the effect of sarcopenia on dependency in activities of daily living. J. Cachex. Sarcop. Muscle. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2024 jul 26];10(5). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12444
Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Marco E, Miralles R, Guillén-Solà A, Vázquez-Ibar O, Escalada F, et al. Does gait speed contribute to sarcopenia case-finding in a postacute rehabilitation setting? Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2024 jul 27];61(2). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2015.05.008
Tramontano A, Veronese N, Sergi G, Manzato E, Rodriguez-Hurtado D, Maggi S, et al. Prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in the healthy older adults of the Peruvian Andes. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2024 jul 27];68. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2016.09.002
Wu X, Li X, Xu M, Zhang Z, He L, Li Y. Sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors among older Chinese population: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PLoS. One. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 jul 28];16(3). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247617
Whaikid P, Piaseu N. The prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in Thai older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Nurs. Sci. [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 jul 29];11(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.11.002
Carcelén-Fraile MDC, Aibar-Almazán A, Afanador-Restrepo DF, Rivas-Campo Y, Rodríguez-López C, Carcelén-Fraile MDM, et al. Does an association among sarcopenia and metabolic risk factors exist in people older than 65 years? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Life. [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 jul 29];13(3). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/life13030648
Qian S, Zhang S, Lu M, Chen S, Liu L, Liu S, et al. The accuracy of screening tools for sarcopenia in older Chinese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front. Public. Health. [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 jul 30];12. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1310383
Liu J, Zhu Y, Tan JK, Ismail AH, Ibrahim R, Hassan NH. Factors associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals residing in community and nursing home settings: A systematic review with a meta-analysis. Nutrients. [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 jul 31];15(20). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15204335
Pamoukdjian F, Paillaud E, Zelek L, Laurent M, Lévy V, Landre T, et al. Measurement of gait speed in older adults to identify complications associated with frailty: A systematic review. J. Geriatr. Oncol. [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2024 aug 03];6(6). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgo.2015.08.006
Published
Versions
- 2025-05-09 (4)
- 2025-04-22 (3)
- 2025-04-22 (2)
- 2025-03-05 (1)
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
TRANSFER AGREEMENT COPYRIGHT I transfer copyright of the article to the Journal of Care Survey is Fundamental - Online - RPCF, so it is accepted due to electronic publishing. The copyright includes the right to reproduce in whole or in part by any means, distributing that article, including figures, photographs, and any translations. The author can also print and distribute copies of your article, stating that since the rights belong to RPCF. I declare that this manuscript is original and has not been submitted for publication, in whole or in part to other online journals or not, so BMMC in the Annals of scientific events or book chapters.
